Friday, August 21, 2020

Competitive Bidding and Sealed Proposals Essay Sample free essay sample

Fixed order and competitory recommendations are the two techniques used to get competitory money related qualities from bidders. Fixed order is â€Å"a methodology by which specialists requests are made known by a sales called and Invitation for Bids. The specialists will use certain order when ( 1 ) it feels sure that grant can be made to the most reduced financial worth offerer who is antiphonal and dependable and ( 2 ) the government’s request is tolerably acceptable characterized in the signifier of drawings and specifications† ( Murphy. 2009 ) . When the orders are opened. the financial qualities become open cognizance. This could be a detriment to contractual workers on the grounds that their fiscal qualities will be made known for all to see. At the point when certain order is utilized. the most reduced bidder that is found to responsive and mindful will be granted the agreement. â€Å"Sealed order ever prompts a firm-fixed-value contract or fixed-cost with fina ncial convenience contract† ( Murphy. 2009 ) . This would be another hindrance to the contractual worker. We will compose a custom article test on Serious Bidding and Sealed Proposals Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page since all the danger is on the contractual worker in fixed-evaluated contracts. â€Å"Competitive acquisitions depend on advertise powers to acquire the best an incentive to the government† ( Murphy. 2009 ) . This methodology contrasts from fixed order since offerers can adjust their recommendations and arrange. In contrast to certain order. competitory acquisitions may non present the agreement to the least bidder. â€Å"This technique licenses tradeoffs among cost or fiscal worth and noncost factors and permits the specialists to acknowledge other than the most minimal estimated proposition. The detected advantages of the more expensive proposition will merit the additional expense. also, the rule for exchange offs must be recorded in the file† ( Murphy. 2009 ) . Bing granted cost-repayment agreement would be best for a temporary worker in light of the fact that most. in the event that non all. of the peril falls on the specialists. On account of the distinctions in these two techniques. the competitory securing technique can be progressively beneficial to contractual workers. Temporary workers who do non hold the most minimal proposed financial worth can in any case be granted a n agreement. or potentially can negociate with the specialists and modify their recommendations. These two things totally give contractual workers a superior opportunity to be granted an agreement. rather than only looking to hold the least order. Other than. as I expressed supra. a cost-repayment contract conveys no peril for the contractual worker. This sort of agreement can non be granted when the specific order system is utilized. Notices Murphy. J. E. ( 2009 ) . Manual for contract estimating: Cost and financial worth investigation for temporary workers. subcontractors. furthermore, specialists agencies. Vienna. VA: Management Concepts

Tuesday, July 14, 2020

Handy Tax Tips For Freelancers

Handy Tax Tips For Freelancers Handy Tax Tips For Freelancers Handy Tax Tips For FreelancersEmployees get taxes deducted from their paychecks, but freelancers have to handle all that for themselvesâ€"which can mean a nasty surprise come tax season.Being a freelancer comes with advantages, like choosing your own hours and being your own boss, but it also has its own sets of unique challenges. Think back to the knights of old who had a “free lance” which they would offer to different lords if the price was right. Then they would spend the next few months sending invoices to those lords, hoping to get paid for the fighting they actually did.Just like those knights of old (that we entirely made up, by the way), freelancers today will often face difficulties when it comes to getting paid for the work they’ve done. But freelancers today also face a challenge the knights of old never had to deal with. And that challenge is the way the American tax system can be rougher on freelancers than non-freelancers in a similar capacity.While tax returns a re generally lower this year, the biggest decision many folks will face is still  whether or not to take out a cash advance on their refund or just wait for it to arrive. For freelancers, on the other hand, a lack of planning could lead to them owing the IRS a lot of money. Freelancers are doing it for themselves.“There are more freelancers in the United States than ever, with 3.7 million added to their ranks since 2014,” explained CPA Logan Allec (@moneydoneright), owner of the personal finance website  Money Done Right. “And while every freelancer welcomes the extra cash in their pocket, they may not be so ecstatic about filing their tax return come April 15.“In fact, many freelancers are shocked at how much taxes they owe on their freelance income.  Part of this shock comes from the fact that many freelancers pay their entire tax bill for the year when they file their tax returns. This is different from income earned as an employee, where the IRS mandates that a certain amount of taxes be withheld from each paycheck.“There is also the issue of the self-employment tax: in addition to regular income taxes that are calculated based on the tax brackets for the year, freelancers also have to pay self-employment tax on their freelance income. The self-employment tax is comprised of the Social Security tax and Medicare tax. Employers by law pay half of these taxes for their employees, with the employees only having to pay the other half, but a freelancer is responsible to pay 100 percent of their Social Security and Medicare taxes all on their own via the self-employment tax.”Which is why we spoke to experts like Allec and others to offer some tips to help freelancers with their taxes Pay as you go.If there’s one piece of advice nearly all of our experts suggested, it’s for freelancers to avoid paying your taxes all in one go. As Allec explained above, freelancers often dont have taxes withheld from their paycheck, which means a much bigger bill c ome tax time. That’s why the experts suggest paying some of your taxes throughout the year.“Consider setting up quarterly payments,” suggested CPA  Scott Vance. “The IRS form and directions for figuring your quarterlies are really not that hard or if you get a tax expert to help, especially if it is not tax season, the little bit of fees and aggravation up front will save you a multiple of those if you wait till tax season.”OK, so that’s one expert. Need more?“As a long-time freelancer/self-employed copywriter, I offer that tax bills should not be an issue if one is paying quarterly estimated income taxes (state and federal),” explained writer Caryn Starr-Gates (@StellarCopy). “That way, come April, the situation should not be any different than anyone who’s earning a steady paycheck from an employer who is making all the mandated payroll deductions.Sometimes you owe more, sometimes you get a refundâ€"but you usually avert nasty surprises because you’ve already been paying in. Be sure to set aside a set amount every month as your invoices are paidâ€"either flat amount or percentage, whichever worksâ€"in a separate savings account earmarked for tax payments.”As Allec pointed out, you might not have much of a choice when it comes to paying quarterly:The IRS and many states actually require most taxpayers to pay their taxes quarterly.  Employees dont have to worry about this because their employers withhold the appropriate amount of taxes out of their paychecks, assuming they completed their Form W-4 correctly (which is a different discussion!).”Half-business, half-person, all freelancer.You’ve probably read headlines about all the methods big corporations use to reduce their tax burdens. Wouldn’t it be nice to get access to just a little bit of that corporate magic for yourself? Well you might just (sort of) be able to!“Having the right entity set up is important,” advised Candace Stevens, founder of  Number Cruncher, LLC (@Llc Number). “If a freelancers earnings are high enough, usually over $50,000 a year, it is a good idea to look into incorporating. S-Corporations are a pass-through entity where the profit is only subject to income tax. A sole proprietor will pay self-employment tax at a rate of 15.3 percent on the profit plus income tax.”Jai Kumar, marketing manager for  Rapid Filing Services (@RapidTax), shared a blog post that goes into detail about how the new tax code adjustments will affect those who freelance, whether they’ve incorporated or not.Be prepared.As with almost any financial decisions, the more time you give yourself to plan, research, and find the right people to consult, the better off you’ll be.“Spend the money to sit down with a tax expert before tax season,” recommended Vance. “An hour spent discussing issues seen by the expert and the recommendations that come with it will save you a ton of time at tax season.”Meeting with a tax expert will be an additional cost, but it’s one that can save you money in the long run.“Also being aware of the relevant deductions one can still takeâ€"depending on your field and work environment (contract work on site vs. home office, for example)â€"can help reduce adjusted gross income, so speak to your tax advisor about what you should be tracking all year and deducting on your return,” suggested Starr-Gates.“Meeting in the 4th quarter to go over expected annual income, in order to prepare properly for the coming year and tax season, is also advisable, so that your accountant can make any necessary adjustments to the next tax year’s estimated quarterly amounts (and vouchers).”Evading tax evasion.Mistakes are more likely to happen when you’ve got an irregular tax situation. But fear not! Even if you screw up or just can’t afford your tax bill, you can still avoid the Al Capone treatment.“If you do get caught and owe significant taxes, dont hide,” Vance cautioned. “The IRS is easy to work w ith as long as you are upfront. I have had clients come to me who havent filed for years because they owed a large amount and decided not to file because they didnt have the money to pay for it. The IRS has a method to set up payments that is generally accepted as long as you propose payments that satisfy the debt within six years.”Paying taxes as a freelancer is never going to be a good time. But hopefully this advice will make it a little less painful. If youre looking to earn more moneyâ€"possibly through a freelance gig or side hustleâ€"check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Need Cash Fast? Try These 10 Great Side Hustles8 Financial Tips for FreelancersHow to Vet Potential Renters6 Expert Tips to Start Your Side HustleDo you have a question about taxes? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsLogan Allec (@moneydoneright) is a CPA and owner of the personal finance website  Money Done Right.    After spending his twenti es grinding it out in the corporate world and paying off over $35,000 in student loans, he dropped everything and launched  Money Done Right  in 2017.    His mission is to help everybody â€" from college students to retirees â€" make, save, and invest more money.    Logan resides in the Los Angeles area with his wife Caroline.Jai Kumar is  Marketing Manager at  Rapid Filing Services (@RapidTax), an online tax preparation company. They file current and prior year tax returns for thousands of people every year while providing them with free high-quality customer  service.Caryn Starr-Gates (@StellarCopy) is a professional copywriter whose career dates back to the days of the typewriter. She works in advertising, marketing and public relations, writing in all media (print, broadcast, digital) for a broad range of clients across many industries. She has worked on regional and national campaigns for consumer package goods, retail, hospitality, travel, banking/financial services, education , professional services and many other types of accounts. She launched StarrGates Business Communications in 2009 to support her clients’ marketing needs as well as help agencies (advertising/ marketing and public relations) provide professional copywriting services to their clients.Candace (Candy) Stevens is a Tax Preparer/Accountant who works tirelessly to help her clients have the lowest tax liability legally possible and help them to become financially successful. Before starting  Number Cruncher, LLC (@LlcNumber), Candy owned and operated many different businesses where she was responsible for the bookkeeping and accounting while being a full-time Mom to 4 amazing kids. Candy now crunches numbers and advises a wide variety of clients on the ever-changing tax laws and strategies while developing new friendships along the way. Candy enjoys being with family and friends, dancing, camping, paddle boarding, skiing, giving people hugs Oh, and of course, doing taxes. Candy is avail able to help you with your Tax Preparation and Accounting/Bookkeeping needs. She can be reached at numbercruncherllc@gmail.com.Scott Vance is an Enrolled Agent serving the greater Raleigh, NC area. He began his career in tax and accounting soon after retiring from the Army. Scotts military background allows him to closely understand the issues faced by our military personnel, but he works with clients from all walks of life. Scott was born and raised in Pennsylvania. He has lived in numerous US States and foreign countries as would be expected from a military member. The highlight of his overseas experience was a year spent in Kathmandu, Nepal advising the US Ambassador to Nepal on foreign military training.  He is married to Amy Douglass, also from Pennsylvania and they reside in Holly Springs. Together they have a son, Brandon.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Essay about Who is Responsible for the Salem Tragedy

â€Å"Life is a dream for the wise, a game for the fool, a comedy for the rich, a tragedy for the poor† said by Sholom Aleichem. The quote implies that one can have a good life if one has power or if one is judicious. Also, it is a game for the illiterate, a joke for one that is rich and powerful, and misfortune for needy. In the book, The Crucible by Arthur Miller has certain characters and beliefs that is a part of a huge calamity. It was labeled as the Salem Tragedy because in Salem, plebeians and uninvolved people were accused for witchcraft they never committed. Nineteen people were hanged and liable for the witchcraft. A character in The Crucible, Danforth, honest in his own perception is one of the attribution for the Salem tragedy.†¦show more content†¦Danforth is blameworthy for the Salem adversity. Secondly, Abigail, malicious and vengeful girl is responsible for the Salem catastrophes. Abigail was once found dancing in the woods with many of the other girls. After the girls were caught, Abigail was in fear of her life because she knew that if someone else was not blamed, she would be accused and killed. Abigail Williams tried everything to avoid being blamed. She accuses others to escape punishment and persecution. Also, she accuses the people for the witch hunts because of jealousy. Abigail wants to continue the affair, even though John Proctor tried to tell her that the affair is over, but she desperately tried to keep the romance alive. John Proctor states, â€Å"Abby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But I will cut off my hand before I’ll ever reach for you again† (Miller 23). Next, Abigail’s cunning manner causes fear in the girl’s mind. She slaps Betty for pretending because she does not want anybody to know about the witch hunt. Furthermore, she controls the girls and manipulates Danforth by telling lies. Abigail i s culpable for the Salem Tragedy. Finally, the society’s stupidity was liable for the Salem adversity. First, plebeians or needy were illiterate or in other words not educated. Then, people with power or in a high post were believed to be right in every matter. In the sameShow MoreRelatedEssay The Crucible by Arthur Miller1541 Words   |  7 Pages Set in the small town of Salem Massachusetts in 1692, it explores the struggle of one man with his conscience and his eventual purification. A fictional play based on McCarthyism, a dark chapter in American history. Miller uses The Crucible as a mirror to reflect his views on the anti-communist hysteria inspired by Senator Joseph McCarthys witch hunts in the U.S. Reissue. By using the historical and controversial issue of the Salem Witch Trials, Arthur Millers play Read MoreModern Day Stereotypes And Prejudice962 Words   |  4 PagesWalter). Thus, proving that the Crucible was also looked upon as daily entertainment and the Syrian Refugee Crisis. 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At the commencementRead MoreEssay On Personal Rivalries In The Crucible924 Words   |  4 Pagesin the small town of Salem, Massachusetts; fear and hysteria are running rampant. In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, the residents of Salem are allowing their grudges and personal rivalries to distract themselves from the truth. The witch trials are escalating, more and more people are being accused, and the tensions are high. The Putnams have different motivations and grudges that are driving the accusations. Ann Putnam is using the trials to harm the women she deems responsible for the deaths of herRead MoreThe Puritan Religion’s Influence on Children Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesthat many would hate living. Most children did not want to follow in their parents footsteps, so there was another burden put onto the small shoulders an innocent child. And thus, the tragedies of Salem, in 1692, were caused b y the strict rules of the Puritan Religion. The church would become the dictator of the Salem community. There were many rules set in stone for the community to follow. Most people at this time were forced to work hard, but hold back any emotions or opinions they had. If theyRead MoreCarol Karlsen s The Devil1692 Words   |  7 Pagesindividuals to act as if they were maintaining the safety and justice of society. Karlsen explains that in many instances, women who were labelled as witches were often females that had managed to acquire great economic and social status and society. In fear of these women, the neighborhood targeted them and called them witches to weaken their power. Independent of guilt, women who were accused of witchcraft could not possibly recovered. If they claimed their innocence, they would be stoned or burned toRead MoreTituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem: Devilish Indians and Puritan Fantasies, Book Review1239 Words   |  5 PagesTitle: Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem: Devilish Indians and Puritan Fant asies Author: Elaine G. Breslaw Publication: New York and London, 1996 This book summarizes the life of a female Indian servant and her involvement in the 1692 witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts. To begin it gives background information of the Arawak Indian woman named Tituba, which reveals cultural influences. It tells how Tituba was captured and sold into slavery and shifted from one cultural world to anotherRead MoreThe Crucible : A Cautionary Tale Of Corruption926 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crucible is a dramatic play written by Arthur Miller in 1953. Miller intrigues his audience with the story of the Salem witch trials, which he loosely based on real events and people from that time period. While there are many different themes at work in this tragedy, the most thought provoking of these is the theme of religion. Puritanism was a large part of everyday life in Salem and this play clearly demonstrates its effect on society back then. Arthur Miller’s The Crucible exposes the evilsRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 Pages Who is to blame? In the novel, The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, Abigail, the antagonist in the book is to blame for all the events that occur because she was the one that first dabbled with witchcraft. In that time period, witchcraft was thought of as a sin, and if somebody was accused, they would be hung unless they confessed. She would be categorized as an instigator of her society since she played with witchcraft, and accused others, which would be hung if they didn’t confess. Many eventsRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1450 Words   |  6 Pagesthat drives throughout the play. Abigail Williams, the reverends niece and John Proctor, a farmer who lives outside of town committed a sin that unknowingly escalated into a historical catastrophe. The relations between these two characters caused an out rule within the religious community. Revenge grew within those who were vulnerable, turning lies into the suspicion of witches thus known as the Salem Witch Trials. The revengeful acts between John proctor and Abigail Williams started off with Abigail’s

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of My Family Honor By Sarah H Davis - 1020 Words

The scenario that I chose is â€Å"My Family Honor† by Sarah H Davis. The players involved in the scenario are Sarah H. Davis, the landlady Letizia, Sarah’s son Jackson and her husband David. The scenario is about Sarah who is an anthropologist and is fascinated about going to Corsica. She brings her son and her husband with her to do researcher about the culture in France. In Corsica she lives with the landlady Letizia and right away Sarah and she have a problem because of cultures values. The characteristic of their culture problem involves: Uncertainty avoidance, low context vs high context individualism vs collectivist and time. The problem occurs because Letizia is upset about at Sarah for not cleaning the house. Sarah could have avoided†¦show more content†¦Letizia tells Sarah that she is supposed to clean the house. France is a high context country because the people do not like to tell others what to do. Sarah, showing low context, she expects Letizia to tell her what she supposes to do. In Minor and Lowell articles refers to â€Å"A written agreement can be taken at face value in a low-context culture. A contract, for example, means exactly what it says, no more and no less than that. A contract is considered the final product of negotiations, not the starting point.† In other words, when you have a contract you are expected to know what to do. In the scenario, Sarah is from American and she follows her culture at Letizia house. Sarah expects Letizia to tell her what she must do in the house, but Letizia did not tell her, so the problem arose. Americans expect others to tell them what to do. In the scenario the characteristic of time culture value is used as the part of the problem. Time culture value contains two types: monochronic time and polychronic time. Monochronic time refers to people who only do what thing at the time. 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Paul Schyve, M.D., Senior Vice President, The Joint Commission Christina L. Cordero, Ph.D., M.P.H., Associate Project Director, Division of Standards and Survey Methods, The Joint

Annualised Risk and Return Free Essays

FM Assignment Q) Obtain daily, weekly and monthly closing prices of the stock given to you. Get adjusted closing prices. Daily and weekly prices should be for one financial year. We will write a custom essay sample on Annualised Risk and Return or any similar topic only for you Order Now Monthly prices should be for 2 years. E. g. FY 2011-2012 and FY 2010-11. Compute annualized return and risk. DATA| ANNUALIZED RETURN| ANNUALIZED RISK| Weekly| -16. 952| 36. 449| Daily| -16. 241| 39. 347| Monthly| -11. 21| 30. 209| Comparing this with a suitable peer company, Company| Annualized return| Annualized risk| JSP| -11. 2154| 30. 209| TATA STEEL| -4. 0020| 47. 202| OBSERVATION As can be seen from the observations above, the stock which gives the maximum return also comes with the maximum risk (TATA STEEL). So when it comes to selecting the stock, the following two cases can be considered: a) Maximum return :- If you are a person who values maximum return and is willing to take the risk for the same, go for TATA STEEL b) Minimum Risk :- If you are a risk averse person, go for JSP as the risk associated with it is less compared to TATA STEEL In either case, whether TATA STEEL or JSP, the annualized return is negative. Q) Construct 10 different portfolios with another company (Correl 0. 0) and compute return and risk for each portfolio. Identify the best portfolio. Construct the minimum variance portfolio. Company| Correl| JSP AND TATA STEEL| 0. 89| JSP AND CUMMINS| 0. 65| Initially we compared JSP and TATA STEEL. We found the Correl = 0. 89 which was greater than 0. 70. Next we compared JSP and Cummins and found the Correl to be 0. 65. So we will choose Cum mins for making the portfolio. Portfolio| Return(%)| Return(%)| | | Percentage ofJSP| | Percentage of CUMMINS| | Portfolio Return| | JSP| CUMMINS| | | | | | | | 1| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 10%| | 90%| | 12. 2233| 2| -11. 21| 14. 3| | | 20%| | 80%| | 9. 6196| 3| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 30%| | 70%| | 7. 0159| 4| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 40%| | 60%| | 4. 4122| 5| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 45%| | 55%| | 3. 11035| 6| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 50%| | 50%| | 1. 8085| 7| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 60%| | 40%| | -0. 7952| 8| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 70%| | 30%| | -3. 3989| 9| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 80%| | 20%| | -6. 0026| 10| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 90%| | 10%| | -8. 6063| Min Variance| -11. 21| 14. 83| | | 36%| | 64%| | 5. 45368| Portfolio| Risk(%)| Risk(%)| | Percentage ofJSP| | Percentage of CUMMINS| Covariance| Portfolio Risk| | JSP| CUMMINS| | | | | | | | 30. 21| 27. 36| | 10%| | 90%| 543. 6637905| 6. 99497971| 2| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 20%| | 80%| 543. 6637905| 9. 326639613| 3| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 30%| | 70%| 543. 6637905| 10. 685008| 4| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 40%| | 60%| 543. 6637905| 11. 42275403| 5| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 45%| | 55%| 543. 6637905| 11. 59986156| 6| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 50%| | 50%| 543. 6637905| 11. 65829952| 7| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 60%| | 40%| 543. 6637905| 11. 42275403| 8| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 70%| | 30%| 543. 6637905| 10. 685008| 9| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 80%| | 20%| 543. 6637905| 9. 326639613| 10| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 90%| | 10%| 543. 637905| 6. 99497971| Min Variance| 30. 21| 27. 36| | 36%| | 64%| 543. 6637905| 11. 19196754| From the above observation, for decision regarding the best portfolio the following cases can be considered:- a) Maximum Return :- If one wants to maximize the return, one should have a portfolio mix consisting of 10% JSP and 90% Cummins b) Minimize Risk :- A risk averse person should go for a portfolio mix consisting of 10% JSP and 90% Cummins c) Minimum Variance: – Ideally, as per the minimum variance rule, one should have 36% of JSP and 64% of Cummins as their portfolio mix. But in this case, it does not give the maximum return nor the least risk. Since maximum return as well as minimum risk is observed for a portfolio mix of 90% Cummins and 10% JSP, one should opt for that. Learning’s * For studying the valuation of assets or securities, knowledge about the concepts of Risks and Returns are essential * Variance or standard deviation is the measure of the risk of returns * Combination of multiple securities are called portfolio’s * Portfolio risk is not a weighted average risk as the securities included in the portfolio are associated with each other. Hence, portfolio risk also accounts for the covariance between the returns of securities * Covariance is the product of standard deviation of individual securities and their correlation coefficient * The magnitude of the portfolio risk will depend on the correlation between the securities. The portfolio risk will be equal to the weighted risk of individual securities if the correlation coefficient is +1. 0. If correlation coefficient 1, the portfolio risk will be less than the weighted average risk. When the correlation coefficient = -1. 0, the portfolio risk becomes 0. Submitted By Group C14 Vaibhav Bhasin 2012182 Vinay Harinarayanan 2012184 How to cite Annualised Risk and Return, Essay examples

Friday, April 24, 2020

Organizing & Outlining Your S peech Essays - Human Communication

Organizing Outlining Your S peech right27703800 Reminder of the steps discussed to this point: -25464322878500 Choose an appropriate topic, while also considering your audience. (Cpt. 5 6) Conduct research, select 2-3 articles which you feel best f it your speech goal.(Cpt. 7 8) right226405 Now it's time to put ideas on paper. (See the outli ne template) 65975720872200 List your title / topic List your general purpose ("to inform") 66047283474 Phrase your specific purpose statement. This is the goal of your speech. ( pgs 82-88) Chapter 9: With your research articles, and with your spec ific purpose statement in mind Organize the Body of the Speech . right62117 List your main points . (pgs. 167-175) Select between 2 and 5 main points. Order points logically . (chronological, spatial, causal, problem-solution, topical) Keep points separate and balanced. Create descriptive and complete sentences for all main points. Ideally, use parallel wording as you phrase main points. right7086300 Include supporti ng material for each main point . (pg. 175-177) Select content which clarifies and supports the main point. Select content which is of use and/or of interest to the audience. Balance supporting material for each main point. right22201700 Include oral citations . (pg. 159-161) Word citations as you will present the sources within your speech. List sources within the body of the speech, as you present the information. Chapter 10: With the body of the speech complete, now focus on the opening and closing. -185195349129 Create the Beginning of the Speech, the introduction, the first impression. List the attention-getter, the opening statement. (pgs. 186-190) Relate the topic to the audience. Provide a surprising statement, fact, or statistic. Ask the audience a question; rhetorical or actual. Use a quotation Tell a dramatic or engaging short story. right20722700 List the central idea, the thesis statement. (Chapter 5, pgs. 89-92) 67712020658400 Provide your connection to the topic, to establish credibility and goodwill. (pgs.192-193) right22020000 Provide a concise, yet specific preview of main points. (pg. 194) -24322136222300 Create the Ending of the Speech, employing impact and certainty. Signal the end of the speech, and review the main points. (pgs. 196-201) Start with a brief transition. "In conclusion," "Now, you better understand," "If you only remember," Restate the central idea and/or review main points. right5905500 Provide an engaging closing statement. Use a quotation Restate the attention-getter, or restate a startling fact from the speech Challenge the audience to think further, or take action. -2426585813000 Create a Speaking Outline (see suggestions below) Chapter 11: Guidelines for the Preparation Outline (pgs. 206-213, example provided) Prepare everything your PLAN to present. (To be submitted to the instructor, through Canvas) List the title, general purpose and specific purpose statement Label the Introduction, Body and Conclusion Use standard outline labeling; roman numerals, capital letters Indent supporting points consistently Use complete sentences throughout outline. Include works-cited (using MLA or APA format; www.easybib.com ) Guidelines for the Speaking Outline (pgs. 213- 217) Brief outline used to guide and remind speaker of ideas during delivery. Follow the preparation outline, listing only key words. (Keep brief) Type or print legibly. (Delivery cues, "Slow down," "Pause," are optional) Use standard paper, NO INDEX CARDS. Practice delivery with speaking outline.